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Tuscany is a hilly and montainous region. The Apuan Alps are its northern border with Liguria and Emilia-Romagna. Towards east, the Apennines substitute the Apuan Alps. In the southern part of the region, there are more modest rises, such as the hills of the Chianti and the Colline Metallifere (Metalliferous Hills). The basins of Lunigiana, Garfagnana, Mugello and Casentina cut the Apennines.
Tuscain plains spread mainly along the coast, where there are the Versilian Riviera and the Maremma, which once was a marshland. The Arno plain is the only plain in the inner part of the region.
On the coast, the promontories of Piombino and Argentario succeed to the wide beaches of Versilia and of the province of Livorno. The islands of the Tuscan archipelago are a sort of continuation of the rises on the coast.
Tuscan vegetation is extremely varied: the fields, vineyards, olive groves and meadows on the hills take the place of the Mediterranean maquis and the pinewoods spreading on the coast, whereas the mountains are wooded.
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